Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2004) - Vanuatu (2008)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2004) z Vanuatu (2008)

	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2004)	Vanuatu (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order	6 provinces; Malampa, Penama, Sanma, Shefa, Tafea, Torba
Age structure	0-14 years: 24.6% (male 878; female 840) 15-64 years: 64.9% (male 2,316; female 2,227) 65 years and over: 10.5% (male 323; female 411) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 31.9% (male 34,590/female 33,124) 15-64 years: 64.3% (male 69,496/female 66,745) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 4,178/female 3,838) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish	copra, coconuts, cocoa, coffee, taro, yams, fruits, vegetables; beef; fish
Airports	2 (2003 est.)	31 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 28 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 22 (2007)
Area	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups	total: 12,200 sq km land: 12,200 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes more than 80 islands, about 65 of which are inhabited
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Connecticut
Background	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.	Multiple waves of colonizers, each speaking a distinct language, migrated to the New Hebrides in the millennia preceding European exploration in the 18th century. This settlement pattern accounts for the complex linguistic diversity found on the archipelago to this day. The British and French, who settled the New Hebrides in the 19th century, agreed in 1906 to an Anglo-French Condominium, which administered the islands until independence in 1980, when the new name of Vanuatu was adopted.
Birth rate	14.15 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	22.35 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)	revenues: $78.7 million expenditures: $72.23 million (2005)
Capital	Saint-Pierre	name: Port-Vila (on Efate) geographic coordinates: 17 44 S, 168 19 E time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy	tropical; moderated by southeast trade winds from May to October; moderate rainfall from November to April; may be affected by cyclones from December to April
Coastline	120 km	2,528 km
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	30 July 1980
Country name	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon	conventional long form: Republic of Vanuatu conventional short form: Vanuatu local long form: Ripablik blong Vanuatu local short form: Vanuatu former: New Hebrides
Currency	euro (EUR)	-
Death rate	6.72 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	7.75 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	NA (2003 est.)	$81.2 million (2004)
Dependency status	self-governing territorial collectivity of France	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	the US does not have an embassy in Vanuatu; the ambassador to Papua New Guinea is accredited to Vanuatu
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	Vanuatu does not have an embassy in the US; it does, however, have a Permanent Mission to the UN
Disputes - international	none	Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by Vanuatu and France
Economic aid - recipient	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France	$39.48 million (2005)
Economy - overview	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.	This South Pacific island economy is based primarily on small-scale agriculture, which provides a living for 65% of the population. Fishing, offshore financial services, and tourism, with more than 60,000 visitors in 2005, are other mainstays of the economy. Mineral deposits are negligible; the country has no known petroleum deposits. A small light industry sector caters to the local market. Tax revenues come mainly from import duties. Economic development is hindered by dependence on relatively few commodity exports, vulnerability to natural disasters, and long distances from main markets and between constituent islands. In response to foreign concerns, the government has promised to tighten regulation of its offshore financial center. In mid-2002 the government stepped up efforts to boost tourism through improved air connections, resort development, and cruise ship facilities. Agriculture, especially livestock farming, is a second target for growth. Australia and New Zealand are the main suppliers of tourists and foreign aid.
Electricity - consumption	39.08 million kWh (2001)	38.13 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005 est.)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	42.03 million kWh (2001)	41 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Tabwemasana 1,877 m
Environment - current issues	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment	a majority of the population does not have access to a reliable supply of potable water; deforestation
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94 signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)	Ni-Vanuatu 98.5%, other 1.5% (1999 Census)
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.0626 (2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999)	vatu per US dollar - NA (2007), 111.93 (2006), NA (2005), 111.79 (2004), 122.19 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Albert DUPUY (since 10 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council	chief of state: President Kalkot Matas KELEKELE (since 16 August 2004) head of government: Prime Minister Ham LINI (since 11 December 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Sato KILMAN (since 11 December 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister, responsible to Parliament elections: president elected for a five-year term by an electoral college consisting of Parliament and the presidents of the regional councils; election for president last held 16 August 2004 (next to be held in 2009); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by Parliament from among its members; election for prime minister last held 29 July 2004 (next to be held following general elections in 2008) election results: Kalkot Matas KELEKELE elected president, with 49 votes out of 56, after several ballots on 16 August 2004
Exports	NA (2001)	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts	copra, beef, cocoa, timber, kava, coffee
Exports - partners	US 42.9%, Ecuador 28.6%, Canada 14.3%, France 14.3% (2003)	Thailand 59.6%, India 16.8%, Japan 11.5% (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions	two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) all separated by a black-edged yellow stripe in the shape of a horizontal Y (the two points of the Y face the hoist side and enclose the triangle); centered in the triangle is a boar's tusk encircling two crossed namele leaves, all in yellow
GDP	purchasing power parity - $48.33 million - supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (2003 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA	agriculture: 26% industry: 12% services: 62% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $6,900 (2001 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA	6.8% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	46 50 N, 56 20 W	16 00 S, 167 00 E
Geography - note	vegetation scanty	a Y-shaped chain of four main islands and 80 smaller islands; several of the islands have active volcanoes
Highways	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA (2001)	628.5 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials	machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, fuels
Imports - partners	France 51%, Canada 31.4%, Italy 11.8% (2003)	Australia 20.6%, Japan 19.7%, Singapore 12.1%, NZ 8.8%, Fiji 7.7%, China 7.4%, New Caledonia 4.3% (2006)
Independence	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)	30 July 1980 (from France and UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	1% (1997 est.)
Industries	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism	food and fish freezing, wood processing, meat canning
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.76 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.91 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 52.45 deaths/1,000 live births male: 54.96 deaths/1,000 live births female: 49.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.1% (1991-96 average)	-1.6% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	UPU, WFTU	ACCT, ACP, ADB, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel	Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister and the leader of the opposition, three other justices are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission)
Labor force	3,261 (1999)	76,410 (1999)
Labor force - by occupation	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)	agriculture: 65% industry: 5% services: 30% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (2001)	arable land: 1.64% permanent crops: 6.97% other: 91.39% (2005)
Languages	French (official)	local languages (more than 100) 72.6%, pidgin (known as Bislama or Bichelama) 23.1%, English 1.9%, French 1.4%, other 0.3%, unspecified 0.7% (1999 Census)
Legal system	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation	unified system being created from former dual French and British systems
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UDF 1	unicameral Parliament (52 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 6 July 2004 (next to be held 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NUP 10, UMP 8, VP 8, VRP 4, MPP 3, VGP 3, other and independent 16; note - political party associations are fluid note: the National Council of Chiefs advises on matters of culture and language
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.28 years male: 75.97 years female: 80.7 years (2004 est.)	total population: 63.22 years male: 61.67 years female: 64.84 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 74% male: NA female: NA (1999 census)
Location	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Australia
Map references	North America	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine	none	total: 51 ships (1000 GRT or over) 1,346,001 GRT/1,901,055 DWT by type: bulk carrier 30, cargo 8, container 1, liquefied gas 2, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 1, vehicle carrier 5 foreign-owned: 51 (Australia 2, Belgium 4, Canada 5, Estonia 1, Japan 28, Poland 7, Russia 1, Switzerland 2, US 1) (2007)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	-
Military branches	-	no regular military forces; Vanuatu Police Force (VPF), Vanuatu Mobile Force (VMF; includes Police Maritime Wing (PMW)) (2007)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Independence Day, 30 July (1980)
Nationality	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French	noun: Ni-Vanuatu (singular and plural) adjective: Ni-Vanuatu
Natural hazards	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard	tropical cyclones or typhoons (January to April); volcanic eruption on Aoba (Ambae) island began 27 November 2005, volcanism also causes minor earthquakes; tsunamis
Natural resources	fish, deepwater ports	manganese, hardwood forests, fish
Net migration rate	-4.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP) [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]	Jon Frum Movement [Song KEASPAI]; Melanesian Progressive Party or MPP [Barak SOPE]; National United Party or NUP [Hem LINI]; Union of Moderate Parties or UMP [Serge VOHOR]; Vanua'aku Pati (Our Land Party) or VP [Edward NATAPEI]; Vanuatu Greens Party or VGP [Moana CARCASSES]; Vanuatu Republican Party or VRP [Maxime Carlot KORMAN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	6,995 (July 2004 est.)	211,971 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	NA%
Population growth rate	0.26% (2004 est.)	1.46% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Saint Pierre	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)
Religions	Roman Catholic 99%	Presbyterian 31.4%, Anglican 13.4%, Roman Catholic 13.1%, Seventh-Day Adventist 10.8%, other Christian 13.8%, indigenous beliefs 5.6% (including Jon Frum cargo cult), other 9.6%, none 1%, unspecified 1.3% (1999 Census)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.044 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.041 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.089 male(s)/female total population: 1.044 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: country code - 678; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	4,800 (2002)	7,000 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	12,700 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)	1 (2004)
Terrain	mostly barren rock	mostly mountainous islands of volcanic origin; narrow coastal plains
Total fertility rate	2.05 children born/woman (2004 est.)	2.63 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	9.8% (1997)	1.7% (1999)

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